Influencia del selenio y factores ambientales en el rendimiento reproductivo en porcinos Pietrain

Influence of selenium and environmental factors on reproductive performance in pietrain swine

Objetivo. Determinar la influencia del selenio (Se), temperatura ambiental e Índice de Temperatura-Humedad (ITH) en el tamaño de camada en porcinos Pietrain. Materiales y Métodos.  La investigación se ejecutó en dos estaciones: verano y otoño. Se trabajó con 4 verracos y 20 marranas de raza Pietrain en un diseño factorial considerando los factores tratamiento (control y experimental) y sexo (macho y hembra). El tratamiento en machos se realizó con 10 mg de Se cada 30 días desde los 6 meses de edad hasta el final del estudio. En hembras, se administró 10 mg de Se 15 días antes de la inseminación y a los 30, 60 y 90 días de gestación. Se anotaron la temperatura y humedad de una estación meteorológica para calcular el ITH. El efecto del Se y los factores ambientales sobre el tamaño de camada fue evaluado con un análisis de varianza factorial con una significancia de p<0.05. Resultados. El mayor número de camadas (11,8 ± 1,1) se observó en la temporada de otoño, en hembras experimentales inseminadas con un macho experimental. Todo lo contrario, ocurrió en las hembras control inseminadas con machos tratados con selenio, con una media de 8,8 ± 0,5 lechones/parto en otoño. Conclusiones. La administración de selenio en machos y hembras, los bajos niveles de temperatura e ITH; favorecieron un aumento significativo en el rendimiento reproductivo de porcinos Pietrain.

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