Suplementación de vacas doble propósito en pastoreo empleando diferentes niveles de inclusión de aceite esencial

Supplementation of dual-purpose grazing cows using different levels of essential oil inclusion

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con diferentes niveles de inclusión de aceite esencial de canela (Cinnamomum verum) sobre el desempeño productivo y económico en pastoreo. Materiales y métodos. Fueron utilizadas 24 vacas mestizas, entre dos y tres partos con pesos promedio de 427,9 ± 43 kg. Los animales fueron distribuidos en delineamiento completamente al azar, con cuatro tratamientos y seis repeticiones. Fueron evaluadas tres fuentes de inclusión de aceite esencial (AE) en el suplemento: 1) Suplemento, 2) suplemento + 0.5 g AE/animal/día, 3) Suplemento + 1 g AE/animal/día y 4) suplemento + 1.5 g AE/animal/día. Resultados. No se encontró un efecto (P>0.05) de la adición de AE sobre la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) y la condición corporal (CC) de los animales. No se observó efectos sobre la composición de leche (P>0.05), pero sí un comportamiento lineal creciente (P<0.05) sobre la producción promedio día y total de leche. La relación costo beneficio fue mejoró al emplear niveles de adición de 0.5 y 1 g de AE/animal/día en el suplemento, y disminuyó cuando la cantidad de aceite esencial se incrementó por encima de 1 g animal/día. Conclusiones. La adición de AE contribuyó favorablemente en la producción de leche sin afectar la ganancia de peso, condición corporal y la composición de la leche, indicando que es una alternativa viable al reducir el porcentaje del costo del suplemento e incrementar los ingresos netos a nivel de 0.5 y 1 g AE/animal/día.

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