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Sistematización de la prevalencia de Anaplasma spp., en caninos y metanálisis de A. platys y A. phagocytophilum

Systematization of the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in canines and meta-analysis of A. platys and A. phagocytophilum



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Cardona Arias, J. A., Zapata Marín, J., & Urán Velásquez, J. M. (2019). Sistematización de la prevalencia de Anaplasma spp., en caninos y metanálisis de A. platys y A. phagocytophilum. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 24(2), 7239-7247. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1310

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Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias
Juliana Zapata Marín
Johanna Marcela Urán Velásquez

Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias,

Microbiòlogo, MSc Epidemiologìa, MSc Economía aplicada, PhD (c) Salud Pública


Juliana Zapata Marín,

Microbiología


Johanna Marcela Urán Velásquez,

Microbiòloga y Bioanalista, MSc (estudiante) Ciencias Bàsicas Biomédicas


Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia general de Anaplasma spp. y la prevalencia específica de A. platys y A. phagocytophilum en caninos, mediante estudios publicados entre 2000 y 2018. Materiales y métodos. Revisión sistemática con 14 estrategias de búsqueda, garantizando exhaustividad y reproducibilidad en fases de la guía PRISMA. Se evaluó la calidad con STROBE. Se calcularon frecuencias y se estimó la prevalencia global y las específicas según país, periodo y prueba diagnóstica, con sus intervalos de confianza del 95%. Se realizó Forest Plot para la prevalencia individual y global de A. platys o A. phagocytophilum según PCR, ELISA e IFI, las cuales se compararon con base en el Estadístico Z. Resultados. Se incluyeron 30 estudios con 18.472 caninos, la mayoría de Brasil, Estados Unidos y Alemania. En IFI se halló una prevalencia de 39.0% (IC95%= 37.0-41.0), en ELISA 9.3% (IC95%= 8.8-9.8) y en PCR 7.1% (IC95%= 6.4-7.8). La prevalencia basada en PCR fue estadísticamente mayor en América con 11.9% (IC95%=10.5-13.3) frente a África con 5.5% (IC95%=1.2-9.7), Asia 4.1% (IC95%=3.1-5.1) y Europa 3.5% (IC95%=2.5-4.5). La prevalencia de A. platys con PCR fue 16.1% (IC95%=14.2-17.9) y de A. phagocytophilum 3.7% (IC95%= 2.8-4.6). Conclusiones. Se halló una elevada prevalencia de infección, con mayor importancia de A. platys, en un bajo número de publicaciones en el ámbito mundial y con una elevada heterogeneidad según el país, la técnica diagnóstica y la especie implicada.


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