Caracterización nutricional y producción de gas de especies vegetales con potencial alimenticio para la alimentación de rumiantes

Nutritional characterization and gas production of vegetative species with potential as feedstuffs for ruminants feeding

Objetivo. Evaluar la composición química, contenido de compuestos fenólicos, cinética de producción de gas y emisiones de metano in vitro de siete especies vegetales con potencial alimenticio para alimentación de rumiantes. Materiales y métodos. Siete especies fueron evaluadas: encino gris (EG), encino rojo (ER), chicalote (CHIC), mezquite (MEZ), huizache (HUI), morera (MOR) y la estevia (STE). Los análisis de las muestras fueron: extracto etéreo (EE), cenizas (Cen), proteína cruda (PC), carbohidratos no estructurales (CNE), fibra en detergente neutro (FDN), fibra en detergente ácido (FDA), hemicelulosa, celulosa, lignina detergente ácida (LDA), taninos condensados (TC) y fenoles totales (FT), digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS); así como las condiciones ruminales in vitro, producción de gas (PG), producción de metano y dióxido de carbono, nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3) y ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV´s). Resultados. Los resultados muestran que HUI, MEZ y MOR presentaron un mayor contenido de PC, las mayores digestibilidades (DIVMS) se observaron en CHIC, HUI y STE. De lo contrario, las producciones de metano más bajas fueron generadas por MEZ, ER Y HUI. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con los resultados en la composición química, CHIC, MOR y STE presentaron la mejor calidad nutricional ya que mostraron los más altos contenidos de proteína y una digestibilidad adecuada. Estos resultados sugieren que el uso de CHIC no afectaría las características nutricionales que ofrece un forraje de buena calidad. Además, las otras especies pueden usarse como aditivos o suplementos para alimentar a los rumiantes debido a su mayor contenido de proteína y taninos condensados.

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