Efecto gastroprotector del extracto de Hypericum perforatum sobre la úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina en ratas
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Objetivo. Hypericum perforatum L. (H. perforatum) es una hierba tradicional utilizada en el tratamiento de muchas enfermedades. El extracto de H. perforatum tiene efectos antimicrobianos, antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios, antiulcerosos y antidepresivos. La indometacina es un fármaco antiinflamatorio no esteroideo. Puede causar daño oxidativo en el tejido del estómago. Para este propósito, se investigó la eficacia protectora del extracto de H. perforatum en un modelo de úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron sesenta ratas macho albinas Wistar y las ratas se dividieron en 6 grupos como control negativo, control positivo, H. perforatum, extracto de H. perforatum+indometacina 10/25, extracto de H. perforatum+indometacina 25/25, extracto de H. perforatum+indometacina 50/25. Se administraron por vía oral diferentes dosis de extracto de H. perforatum por sonda, y después de 5 minutos se indujo la úlcera gástrica con indometacina (25 mg/kg). Después de 6 horas, se sacrificaron las ratas. Se midieron los índices de úlceras para cada estómago. Se analizaron los niveles de glutatión (GSH), catalasa (CAT), malondialdehído (MDA) y superóxido dismutasa (SOD) en el tejido del estómago. Resultados. El extracto de H. perforatum+indometacina 50/25 aumentó la actividad de SOD y el nivel de GSH y disminuyó los niveles de MDA en la úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina. Sin embargo, el índice de úlcera fue significativamente menor solo en el grupo que recibió el extracto de H. perforatum. Conclusiones. Este estudio indica que el extracto de H. perforatum puede tener como potencial agente alternativo en el tratamiento de la úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina.
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