Efecto del palmiste en la nutrición de alevines de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Effect of palm kernel cake in the nutrition for tilapia fry (Oreochromis niloticus)

Objetivo. Determinar la respuesta de los indicadores productivos al incluir palmiste (Elaeis guineensis) en dietas para la nutrición de alevines de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Material y métodos. Se utilizaron 300 machos masculinizados de tilapia (4,89 ± 0,09 g) y se distribuyeron bajo un diseño completamente al azar con tres repeticiones por tratamiento (20 peces por repetición). Se utilizó palmiste para formular cinco dietas isoproteicas (30,64%), isolipídicas (7,38%) e isoenergéticas (11,84 MJ kg^-1 de alimento), control (T0), 5% (T5); 10% (T10); 15% (T15) y 20% (T20) para alimentar durante 60 días. Resultados. Los peces alimentados con los tratamientos T0, T5 y T10, no mostraron diferencias significativas (p> 0.05), pero sí con T15 y T20 en la digestibilidad de los nutrientes, el crecimiento y la composición del cuerpo. La inclusión de palmiste hasta el 20% de la dieta, disminuyó el costo del alimento. Se observó un alto grado de dependencia entre el contenido de fibra detergente neutro (%), la digestibilidad aparente de la materia seca (%) y la digestibilidad aparente de la proteína (%) (R² = 0,732 y R² = 0,774; p <0,000), respectivamente. Conclusiones. El palmiste se puede usar hasta el 10% en dietas para alevines de tilapia, sin afectar la digestibilidad aparente de los nutrientes, el crecimiento y el contenido nutricional en todo el cuerpo. La inclusión progresiva de palmiste en las dietas, disminuyó el costo del alimento, para un cultivo de tilapia más rentable.

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