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Composición química de intestinos de pollos pre-secados con harinas vegetales: proteína alternativa para la acuicultura

Chemical composition of chicken intestines pre-dried with vegetable meals: alternative protein for aquaculture



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León, A. B., Pérez-Corría, K. ., Méndez-Martínez, Y. ., Ortega-Ojeda, M. ., Martínez-Aguilar, Y. ., Rodríguez-Valera, Y. ., Cisneros-López, M., & Morán-Montaño, C. . (2023). Composición química de intestinos de pollos pre-secados con harinas vegetales: proteína alternativa para la acuicultura. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 28(2), e3058. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3058

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Aroldo Botello León
Kirenia Pérez-Corría
Yuniel Méndez-Martínez
Marcos Ortega-Ojeda
Yordan Martínez-Aguilar
Mario Cisneros-López
Charles Morán-Montaño

Kirenia Pérez-Corría,

Universidad Técnica "Luis Vargas Torres" de Esmeraldas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Zootecnia, Laboratorio de Acuicultura, Esmeraldas, Ecuador.


Yuniel Méndez-Martínez,

Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo (UTEQ), Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias y Biológicas, Quevedo, Los Ríos, Ecuador.


Marcos Ortega-Ojeda,

Universidad Técnica "Luis Vargas Torres" de Esmeraldas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Zootecnia, Laboratorio de Acuicultura, Esmeraldas, Ecuador.


Yordan Martínez-Aguilar,

Escuela Agrícola Panamericana, Departamento de Ciencia y Producción Agropecuaria, Valle de Yeguare, San Antonio de Oriente 96, Honduras.


Yoel Rodríguez-Valera,

Universidad de Granma, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Centro de Estudios de Producción Animal, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba.


Mario Cisneros-López,

Ministerio de la Agricultura, Coordinación de Proyectos Internacionales, Habana, Cuba.


Charles Morán-Montaño,

Universidad Técnica "Luis Vargas Torres" de Esmeraldas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Zootecnia, Laboratorio de Acuicultura, Esmeraldas, Ecuador.


Objetivo. Caracterizar la composición química de intestinos de pollos procesados con harinas vegetales (HV), como fuente alternativa de proteína para la acuicultura. Materiales y métodos. Los intestinos de pollos, molidos, cocidos y desgrasados (IPMCD), se mezclaron de forma individual con harinas vegetales (HV): polvo de arroz (PA), salvado de trigo (ST), harinas de palmiste (HPa), maíz (HM) y soya (HS), en proporciones (p:p): 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 y 40:60 (IPMCD:HV), con 20 tratamientos y diseño completamente aleatorizado. Se evaluó materia seca, proteína cruda, lípidos, fibra, cenizas, energía bruta (MJ kg-1) y costos. Se aplicó análisis de componentes principales (PCA) para verificar la interacción entre proporciones. Resultados. Las mayores proporciones con IPMCD, incrementaron el contenido de proteína y lípidos (p<0.05) y redujeron el costo (p<0.05). Las mezclas con 50:50 y 40:60% (IPMCD:HV) mostraron mayores niveles de fibra y cenizas (p<0.05). Además, el empleó de HS en las mezclas, incrementó el porcentaje de proteína, energía y costos (p<0.05), efecto contrario con HPa que mostró los menores costos (p<0.05). Conclusiones. Las proporciones de IPMCD:HV alcanzaron altos niveles de materia seca, que facilitó el proceso de deshidratación. El contenido nutricional y costos de las mezclas, las acredita como posibles alimentos acuícolas, para reemplazar la proteína en las dietas, según la especie, fin productivo y requerimientos del mercado. El PCA con matriz de covarianza, sugiere que los tratamientos IPMCD:HS (80:20), IPMCD:HS (70:30) y IPMCD:HS (60:40) tienen mejores características nutricionales, aunque, IPMCD:HPa (80:20) mostró altos niveles de proteína y fue la más económica.


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