Desempeño y calidad de carne de bovinos en confinamiento alimentados con diferentes niveles de subproductos agrícolas

Animal performance and meat quality in feedlot cattle feeding with different levels of agricultural by-products

Objetivo. Evaluar los efectos de diferentes niveles de concentrado fabricado con subproductos agrícolas del departamento del Huila-Colombia sobre el rendimiento y calidad de carne en bovinos confinados. Material y métodos. Se utilizaron 36 toretes F1 Bos taurus x Bos indicus con 347±20 kg de peso corporal y 18 meses de edad confinados bajo condiciones de bosque seco tropical. Los tratamientos experimentales fueron niveles crecientes de concentrado elaborado con subproductos agrícolas en sustitución de pasto Pennisetum spp a razón de 85% forraje:15% concentrado (T1); 75%forraje:25% concentrado (T2); 65% forraje:35% concentrado (T3) y 55%forraje:45% concentrado (T4). Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar para evaluar las eventuales diferencias entre variables evaluadas: ganancia de peso vivo (GPV), consumo de materia seca (CMS), conversión alimenticia (CA), peso de la canal caliente (PCC), rendimiento en canal (RC), metabolitos sanguíneos y perfil de ácidos grasos en la carne. Resultados. La GPV y el peso final aumentaron con un mayor nivel de concentrado en la dieta (p<0.05). No hubo diferencias en los metabolitos sanguíneos. Los ácidos grasos saturados caproico, caprílico y tridecanoico fueron menores cuando el nivel de concentrado en la dieta aumentó (p<0.05) mientras que, en los ácidos grasos insaturados y poliinsaturados no hubo diferencias entre los tratamientos. Conclusiones. La inclusión de subproductos agrícolas usados en el presente estudio mejora el rendimiento, el consumo de materia seca y reduce el contenido de tres ácidos grasos saturados de la carne en toretes F1 Bos taurus X Bos indicus en confinamiento bajo condiciones de bosque seco tropical.

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