Diagnóstico serológico y molecular del coronavirus felino en las américas

Serological and molecular diagnosis of the feline coronavirus in the americas

Desde su descubrimiento por Holzworth en el año 1962, el estudio del Coronavirus Felino (FCoV) ha sido de gran interés ya que este puede afectar a felinos domésticos y silvestres. Actualmente se conocen 2 serotipos, el tipo I que es único de felinos y el tipo II que nace de una doble recombinación homóloga con un coronavirus canino (CCoV); estos a su vez pueden dividirse en 2 biotipos, los virus que generan enfermedades entéricas leves (FECVs) y los que causan la peritonitis infecciosa felina (FIPVs). En el continente americano existen distintos métodos diagnósticos que permiten en conjunto detectar la peritonitis infecciosa felina (FIP), pero la identificación del FCoV solo se puede hacer por métodos moleculares. Los países que más han estudiado este virus son aquellos que cuentan con una mayor cantidad de herramientas para realizar las pruebas diagnósticas como lo son Estados Unidos, Canadá y Brasil. En el presente trabajo se exhiben los reportes de casos y los métodos diagnósticos usados para identificar el coronavirus felino y/o sus biotipos en algunos países del continente americano.

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