The Madariaga virus follows the footsteps of the Chikungunya and Zika viruses

El virus Madariaga le sigue los pasos a los virus Chikungunya y Zika

Publicado 2018-11-20

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Salim, & Marco. (2018). The Madariaga virus follows the footsteps of the Chikungunya and Zika viruses. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 23(S), 6937-6941. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1480
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https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1480
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​University of Coordoba, Faculty of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, Department of Livestock Sciences, Tropical Biology Research Institute, Montería, Colombia.
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-4630

​University of Coordoba, Faculty of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, Department of Livestock Sciences, Tropical Biology Research Institute, Montería, Colombia.
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-5601

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Viruses transmitted by arthropods are the cause of important encephalitis. Several equine encephalitis viruses belong to the family Togaviridae genus Alphavirus, besides Chikungunya and Mayaro, there are the Western encephalitis viruses (WEEV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEEV) and Eastern equine encephalitis (EEEV). EEEV was previously classified into four different lineages / subtypes (I to IV) (1,2). The South American strains (SA) (lineages II-IV), which include isolates from South and Central America, are genetically different in contrast to the strains of North America (NA) that belong to lineage I (3). Due to genetic divergence and significant differences in ecology and pathogenesis, the South American isolates of EEEV were recently classified as a different species that was named Madariaga virus (1).

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  1. Silva MLCR, Auguste AJ, Terzian ACB, Vedovello D, Riet-Correa F, Macário VMK, et al. Isolation and Characterization of Madariaga Virus from a Horse in Paraíba State, Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017; 64(3):990-993. DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12441.
  2. Vittor AY, Armien B, Gonzalez P, Carrera J, Dominguez C, Valderrama A, et al. Epidemiology o f Emergent Madariaga Encephalitis in a Region with Endemic Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis: Initial Host Studies and Human Cross-Sectional Study in Darien, Panama. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(4):e0004554. doi: https://dx.doi. org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0004554
  3. Carrera JP, Bagamian KH, Travassos AP, Wang E, Beltran D, Gundaker ND, et al. Human and Equine Infection with Alphaviruses and Flaviviruses in Panamá during 2010: A CrossSectional Study of Household Contacts during an Encephalitis Outbreak. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 98(6):1798-1804. doi: https://doi. org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0679
  4. Mattar VS, Guzmán TC, Calderón RA, González TM. Infecciones por arenavirus. Rev MVZ Cordoba. 2017; 22(Supl):6089-6100. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1078
  5. Burgueño A, Frabasile S, Díaz LA, Cabrera A, Pisano MB, Rivarola ME, et al. Genomic Characterization and Seroprevalence Studies on Alphaviruses in Uruguay. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 98(6):1811-1818. doi: https:// doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0980
  6. Blohm GM, Lednicky JA, White SK, Mavian CN, Márquez MC, González-García KP. Madariaga Virus: Identification of a Lineage III Strain in a Venezuelan Child With Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness, in the Setting of a Possible Equine Epizootic. Clin Infect Dis. 2018; 67(4):619-621. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ cid/ciy224.

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