Respuesta biológica, nutricional y hematoinmune en juveniles Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) alimentados con mezcla probiótica

Biological, nutritional, and hematoimmune response in juvenile Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) fed with probiotic mixture

Objetivo: Evaluar indicadores biológicos, nutricionales y hematoinmunes en juveniles Cherax quadricarinatus que fueron cultivados y alimentados con una mezcla de probióticos. Materiales y métodos: Un diseño completamente aleatorizado (DCA) con seis tratamientos: 0 (control), 1×10² µL, 2×10² µL, 3×10² µL, 4×10² µL y 5×10² µL de mezcla de probióticos (Bacterol Shrimp Forte), con tres repeticiones cada una; se utilizaron 18 tanques experimentales de diametro 1.7 m y área de 2.26 m², con una densidad de 20 juveniles (0.95±0.10 g y 7.78±0.77mm) por tanque durante 60 días. Se midieron los parámetros biológicos (peso, longitud, aumento de peso, aumento de peso, tasa de crecimiento específico, aumento de longitud, aumento de longitud y supervivencia), nutricionales (conversión alimenticia, eficiencia alimenticia y eficiencia proteica) y hematoinmune (total de hemocitos, hemocitos diferenciales, tasa fagocítica, superóxido dismutasa y estrés hipóxico). Resultados: Para los indicadores biológicos, los mejores resultados (p<0.05) se obtuvieron al utilizar 4×10² µL del probiótico (peso final: 9.11 g; longitud final: 68.95 mm; tasa de crecimiento específico: 3.74). En cuanto a los parámetros nutricionales, los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con 3×10² µL (conversion alimenticia: 1.09, eficiencia alimenticia: 0.91 y eficiencia proteica: 2.61); aunque no hubo diferencias entre 3×10² y 4×10² µL. Para la respuesta hematoinmune, hubo diferencias (p <  0.05) para todos los indicadores en estudio, con un mejor desempeño para 4×10² µL de la mezcla de probióticos. Conclusiones: La mezcla de probióticos induce la respuesta hematoinmune, biológica y nutricional con la mejor respuesta para concentraciones de 3×10² µL y 4×10² µL.

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