Efecto citotóxico de Deoxinivalenol sobre la proliferación de la línea celular HepG2

Cytotoxic effect of Deoxynivalenol on the proliferation of the HepG2 cell line

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto citotóxico e inducción de la apoptosis de Deoxinivalenol (DON) sobre la línea celular de hepatocarcinoma humano (HepG2). Materiales y métodos. La línea celular HepG2 se expuso a concentraciones de 10, 25, 50 y 75 µM de DON liofilizado durante 48 y 72 horas. Posteriormente, la actividad citotóxica de DON se evaluó empleando el ensayo MTT (bromuro de 3-(4,5-dimetil-2-tiazolil) -2, 5-difeniltetrazolio). Finalmente, se analizaron los cambios morfológicos propios de la apoptosis en las células HepG2 por microscopía electrónica de transmisión, después del tratamiento con 50 μM de DON durante 48 horas. Resultados. DON, afecta la actividad metabólica y proliferación de las células HepG2 por encima de los 10 µM, en comparación con el control. La concentración inhibitoria media (CI50) de DON sobre las células HepG2, fue de 42.8 µM DE±1.2 y de 29.6 µM DE±3.1 a las 48 horas y 72 horas de tratamiento, respectivamente. Se observaron características morfológicas de la apoptosis en las células HepG2, como la fragmentación nuclear y celular, invaginación de la membrana plasmática y formación de los cuerpos apoptóticos. Conclusiones. DON, es un agente citotóxico sobre las células HepG2 que altera la actividad metabólica celular, con un efecto antiproliferativo significativo de manera dependiente a la concentración y al tiempo de exposición, e induce la muerte celular apoptótica.

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