Características fisicoquímicas asociadas a calidad de carne en ovinos de pelo del sureste de México

Meat quality physicochemical traits in hair sheep in southeast Mexico

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del grupo genético sobre algunas características físico químicas asociadas a la calidad de carne en lomos (Longissimus thoracis) de ovinos de pelo del sureste mexicano. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron corderos machos del genotipo Dorper (Dp,n=6), Katahdin (Kt,n=6) y la cruza F1 semental Dorper x madres Katahdin (DpxKt,n=6), sacrificados con un peso promedio de 29.5±4.2 kg, a una edad de 6.2±0.2 meses. Las muestras L. thoracis fueron analizadas para determinar su composición proximal y sus características físicas. Resultados. El grupo genético no tuvo efecto (p>0.05) sobre % de humedad, % proteína cruda (%PC) y el contenido de mioglobina, por el contrario, afectó (p<0.05) al % de grasa intramuscular (%GCI), % de cenizas (%Cen) y el contenido de colesterol, siendo Kt, la que presentó un mayor contenido con 4.05% de GCI y 92.63 mg/100 g de Colesterol y DpxKt con la menor cantidad de cenizas (1.01%). Los valores de pH no mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos genéticos y se encontraron dentro del rango normal. Las mayores pérdidas por cocción y pérdidas por goteo fueron para DpxKt, pero al igual que Kt tuvieron valores mayores de luminosidad (L*), rojo-verde (a*) y Cromaticidad, lo que confiere a la carne un color rojo brillante más deseable. Conclusiones. Algunas de las características fisicoquímicas estuvieron influenciadas por el grupo genético y los resultados deben ser considerados por la industria cárnica para incursionar en mercados que demanden cortes (para carne asada o platillos gourmet) con ciertas características fisicoquímicas asociadas a calidad.

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