Estudio retrospectivo sobre equinococosis quística en animales de granja en el norte de Türkiye

Retrospective Study On Cystic Echinococcosis in Livestock in Northern Türkiye

Objetivo. Evaluar el estado de equinococosis quística de los animales de granja, en el Instituto de Control Veterinario de Samsun de la República de Türkiye. Materiales y Métodos. Un total de 818 ovejas, 160 cabras y 990 materiales de necropsia de ganado bovino se examinaron macroscópicamente e histopatológicamente de acuerdo con las directrices de la Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal (WOAH). Los quistes se detectaron en 61 materiales de todos los materiales examinados. Resultados. Se encontró que la tasa de positividad de equinococosis quística total en animales de granja era del 3.1% en el norte de Türkiye. Se detectaron quistes en al menos uno de los hígados y pulmones. Se detectó en hígado en 24 casos (39.3%), pulmón en 23 casos (37.7%) y tanto pulmón como hígado en 11 casos (18%). Además, se encontraron quistes tanto en pulmón como en bazo (1-caso), riñón e hígado (1 caso) y corazón e hígado (1-caso). La tasa de positividad fue mayor en ovejas que en otros rumiantes, y la diferencia con otras especies de rumiantes fue estadísticamente significativa. (p<0.001). Se encontró que la diferencia entre las tasas de prevalencia por años era estadísticamente significativa (p=0.001). Conclusiones. Türkiye es una región altamente endémica para Echinococcus granulosus y Echinococcus multilocularis. La vigilancia debe realizarse regularmente para implementar programas de control. La información presentada en este estudio contribuirá a obtener una idea sobre el estado de la equinococosis quística en el ganado en el norte de Türkiye y al desarrollo de estrategias de prevención y control.

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