Crecimiento y supervivencia de Cryphiops caementarius en cocultivo con Oreochromis niloticus a diferentes densidades
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Mogollón-Calderón, A., & Reyes-Avalos, W. (2021). Crecimiento y supervivencia de Cryphiops caementarius en cocultivo con Oreochromis niloticus a diferentes densidades. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 26(2), e1952. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1952
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Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
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Autores
Anghela Mogollón-Calderón
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1006-182X
Walter Reyes-Avalos
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-9521
Resumen
Objetivo. Evaluar el crecimiento y la supervivencia de Cryphiops caementarius en cocultivo con Oreochromis niloticus a diferentes densidades. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron camarones machos (5.86 cm y 7.65 g) y alevines revertidos de tilapia (5.65 cm y 2.61 g). Se emplearon nueve acuarios (55 L). En cada acuario se instalaron seis recipientes donde se sembró un camarón por recipiente (32 camarones/m2) y en el agua restante se sembraron tilapias a 100, 200 y 300 alevines/m3. Se empleó alimento balanceado. La ración diaria para camarones fue del 6% y para tilapia fue del 5% de la biomasa total. El experimento duró 90 días. Resultados. En el camarón, la longitud (6.46 cm), peso (9.37 g), las ganancias porcentuales en longitud (10.01% a 10.45%) peso (19.24% a 25.41%), y la supervivencia (88.89% a 94.44%) fueron similares (p<0.05) entre tratamientos. El efecto del síndrome de muerte por muda es discutido. En tilapia, la longitud (9.25 cm), peso (12.90 g), tasa de crecimiento absoluto (0.040 cm/día; 0.114 g/día), tasa de crecimiento específica (0.55% longitud/día; 1.759% peso/día) y la ganancia porcentual (64.21%; 389.48%) fueron mayores (p<0.05) a 100 y 200 alevines/m3. La supervivencia de tilapia fue similar (86.11%) entre tratamientos. Conclusiones. El crecimiento y la supervivencia del camarón fueron afectados por el síndrome de muerte por muda, más no por la presencia de tilapia en el sistema. En cambio, mayor crecimiento de tilapia se obtuvo con 100 alevines/m3 y la supervivencia fue similar entre tratamientos.
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Referencias
1. Fitzsimmons KM, Shahkar E. Tilapia-Shrimp polyculture. In: Perschbacher PW, Stickney RR (Eds). Tilapia in intensive co-culture. Wiley Blackwell: EU; 2017. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970652.ch10
2. New MB, Valenti WC. Tilapia-Macrobrachium polyculture. In: Perschbacher PW, Stickney RR. (Eds) Tilapia in intensive co-culture. Wiley Blackwell: EU; 2017. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970652.ch11
3. Schmalenbach I, Buchholz F, Franke HD, Saborowski R. Improvement of rearing conditions for juvenile lobster (Homarus gammarus) by co-culturing with juvenile isopods (Idotea emarginata). Aquac. 2009; 289(3-4):297-303. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.01.017
4. Rohmana D, Surawidjaja EH, Sukenda S, Ekasari J. Water quality and production performance of catfish-prawn co-culture with organic carbon source addition. Aquacult Int. 2015; 23:267-276. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9814-2
5. Tidwell JH, Coyle SD, Bright LA. Polyculture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, either confined in cages or unconfined in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, ponds. J World Aquac Soc. 2010; 41(4):616-625. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00402.x
6. Tesfahun A, Temesgen M. Food and feeding habits of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in Ethiopian water bodies: A review. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2018; 6(1):43-47. http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2018/vol6issue1/PartA/5-6-54-506.pdf
7. Nunoo FKE, Asase A. Comparative growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in cages at different stocking densities. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2017; 5(4):279-283. http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2017/vol5issue4/PartD/5-4-4-982.pdf
8. Araujo G, Rodrigues J, Da Silva J, Farias W. Cultivo da tilápia do Nilo Oreochromis niloticus em tanques-rede circulares em diferentes densidades de estocagem. Biosci J. 2010; 26(3):428-434. http://www.seer.ufu.br/index.php/biosciencejournal/article/view/7080
9. Abdel-Tawwab M. Effects of dietary protein levels and rearing density on growth performance and stress response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Int Aquat Res. 2012; 4(3):1-12. https://www.doi.org/10.1186/2008-6970-4-3
10. Yakubu A, Obi A, Okonji V, Ajiboye O, Adams T, Olaji E, et al. Growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as affected by stocking density and feed types in water flow through system. World J Fish Marine Sci. 2012; 4(3):320-324. http://www.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjfms.2012.04.03.6230
11. Shubha M, Reddy S. Effect of stocking density on growth, maturity, fecundity, reproductive behaviour and fry production in the mouth brooding cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(48):9922-9930. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.697
12. Moscoso V. Catálogo de crustáceos decápodos y estomatópodos del Perú. Bol Inst Mar Perú. 2012; 27(1-2):8-207. http://biblioimarpe.imarpe.gob.pe/handle/123456789/2190
13. Wasiw J, Yépez V. Evaluación poblacional del camarón Cryphiops caementarius en ríos de la costa sur del Perú. Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2015; 26(2):166-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v26i2.11103
14. Ministerio de la Producción. Anuario estadístico pesquero y acuícola 2017. La actividad productiva del sector en números, Perú. 2018. http://ogeiee.produce.gob.pe/images/Anuario/Pesca_2017.pdf
15. Reyes W. Effect of culture container on the survival and growth of male Cryphiops caementarius in individualized systems. Revista Bio Ciencias. 2016; 3(4):311-325. https://www.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.03.04.06
16. Manor R, Segev R, Pimenta M, Aflalo ED, Sagi A. Intensification of redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus culture II. Growout in a separate cell system. Aquacult Eng. 2002; 26(4):263-276. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8609(02)00035-3
17. Drengstig A, Bergheim A. Commercial land-based farming of European lobster (Homarus gammarus L.) in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) using a single cage approach. Aquacult Eng. 2013; 53:14–18. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2012.11.007
18. Méndez M. Claves de identificación y distribución de los langostinos y camarones (Crustacea: Decapoda) del mar y ríos de la costa del Perú. Bol Inst Mar Perú. 1981; 5:1-169. http://biblioimarpe.imarpe.gob.pe/handle/123456789/1028
19. Reyes W, Terrones S, Baltodano I. Effects chelipeds regeneration in molting and growth of male Cryphiops caementarius Molina 1782 (Decapod, Palaemonidae). Revista Bio Ciencias. 2017; 4(4): 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.04.04.05
20. Cornejo J, Pérez L, Reyes W. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in the diet of male shrimp Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea, Palaemonidae) on total and differential hemocytes count. Revista Bio Ciencias. 2015; 3(3):173-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.03.03.04
21. Pandit NP, Nakamura M. Effect of high temperature on survival, growth and feed conversion ratio of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Our Nature. 2012; 8(1):3219-224. https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v8i1.4331
22. López-Gómez C, Ponce-Palafox T, Castillo-Vargasmachuca S, Puga-López D, Castillo-Campo LF, García-Ulloa M. Evaluation of two mix-cultures of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with red tilapia hybrid and spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) in intensive indoor brackish water tanks. Lat Am J Aquat Res. 2017; 45(5):922-929. http://www.doi.org/10.3856/vol45-issue5-fulltext-7
23. Juárez-Rosales J, Ponce-Palafox T, Román-Gutiérrez AD, Otazo-Sánchez OM, Pulido-Flores G, Castillo-Vargasmachuca SG. Effects of White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus var, Spring) in monoculture and co-culture systems on water quality variables and production in brackish low-salinity water earthen ponds during rainy and dry seasons. Span J Agric Res. 2019; 17(3): e0605. https://www.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019173-14938
24. Wasiw J, Yépez V. Evolución de la condición poblacional del camarón Cryphiops caementarius en el río Cañete (2000-2015). Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2017; 28(1):13-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v28i1.12942
25. Acosta A, Quiñones D, Reyes W. Efecto de dietas con lecitina de soya en el crecimiento, muda y supervivencia de machos del camarón de río Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea: Palaemonidae). Sci Agropecu. 2018; 9(1):143-151. http://www.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.01.15
26. Terrones S, Reyes W. Efecto de dietas con ensilado biológico de residuos de molusco en el crecimiento del camarón Cryphiops caementarius y tilapia Oreochromis niloticus en cocultivo intensivo. Sci Agropecu. 2018; 9(2):167-176. http://www.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.02.01
27. Ramírez M, Cántaro R, Reyes W. Growth and survival of males of Cryphiops caementarius (Palaemonidae) with diets supplemented with common salt. Lat Am J Aquat Res. 2018; 46(2):469-474. http://www.doi.org/10.3856/vol46-issue2-fulltext-22
28. Reyes W. El síndrome de la ecdisis incompleta en machos adultos de Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) y sus consecuencias en cultivo intensivo. Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2018; 29(1):68-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v29i1.14200
29. Yasuda CI, Matsuo K, Wada S. Rapid regeneration of the major cheliped in relation to its function in male-male contests in the hermit crab Pagurus middendorffii. Plankton Benthos Res. 2014; 9(2):122-131. https://www.doi.org/10.3800/pbr.9.122
30. Islam ML, Siddiky MNSM, Yahya K. Growth, survival and intactness of green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) broodstock under different captive grow out protocols. SAARC J Agri. 2018; 16(1):169-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i1.37432
31. Daniels CL, Wills B, Ruiz-Perez M, Miles E, Wilson RW, Boothroyd D. Development of sea-based container culture for rearing European lobster (Homarus gammarus) around South West England. Aquac. 2015; 448:186-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.026
32. Teodósico R, Engrola S, Colen R, Masagounder K, Aragão C. Optimizing diets to decrease environmental impact of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production. Aquacult Nutr. 2019; 26(2): 422-431. http://www.doi.org/10.1111/anu.13004
33. Liu Y, Wen JJ, Ning LJ, Jiao JG, Qiao F, Chen LQ, et al. Comparison of effects of dietary-specific fatty acids on growth and lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia. Aquacult Nutr. 2019; 25(4):862-872. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12906
34. Bessa AP, Borges CMS, Silva F, Henry-Silva GG. Polyculture of Nile tilapia and shrimp at different stocking densities. R Bras Zootec. 2012; 41(7):1561-1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012000700002
35. Costa ÂAP, Roubach R, Dallago BSL, Bueno GW, McManus C, Bernal FEM. Influence of stocking density on growth performance and welfare of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in cages. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 2017; 69(1):243-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8939
36. Tidwell JH, Coyle SD, Bright LA. Polyculture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, either confined in cages or unconfined in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, ponds. J World Aquac Soc. 2010; 41(4):616-625. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00402.x
37. Osofero S, Otubusin S, Daramola J. Effect of stocking density on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus 1757) growth and survival in bamboo-net cages trial. Afr J Biotechnol. 2009; 8(7):1322-1325. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/60113/48369
38. Hernández-Vergara MP, Cruz-Ordóñez SB, Pérez-Rostro CI, Pérez-Legaspi A. Polyculture of crayfish (Procambarus acanthophorus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a strategy for sustainable water use. Hidrobiológica. 2018; 28(1):11-15. https://www.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2018v28n1/HernandezV
39. Mondal A, Bhattacharya S, Mitra A, Sundaray JK, Mohanty RK. Performance evaluation of mud crab Scylla olivacea (Herbst, 1896) coculture with different fish species in confined brackishwater ponds. Aquac. 2020; 522:735125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735125
2. New MB, Valenti WC. Tilapia-Macrobrachium polyculture. In: Perschbacher PW, Stickney RR. (Eds) Tilapia in intensive co-culture. Wiley Blackwell: EU; 2017. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970652.ch11
3. Schmalenbach I, Buchholz F, Franke HD, Saborowski R. Improvement of rearing conditions for juvenile lobster (Homarus gammarus) by co-culturing with juvenile isopods (Idotea emarginata). Aquac. 2009; 289(3-4):297-303. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.01.017
4. Rohmana D, Surawidjaja EH, Sukenda S, Ekasari J. Water quality and production performance of catfish-prawn co-culture with organic carbon source addition. Aquacult Int. 2015; 23:267-276. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9814-2
5. Tidwell JH, Coyle SD, Bright LA. Polyculture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, either confined in cages or unconfined in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, ponds. J World Aquac Soc. 2010; 41(4):616-625. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00402.x
6. Tesfahun A, Temesgen M. Food and feeding habits of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in Ethiopian water bodies: A review. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2018; 6(1):43-47. http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2018/vol6issue1/PartA/5-6-54-506.pdf
7. Nunoo FKE, Asase A. Comparative growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in cages at different stocking densities. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2017; 5(4):279-283. http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2017/vol5issue4/PartD/5-4-4-982.pdf
8. Araujo G, Rodrigues J, Da Silva J, Farias W. Cultivo da tilápia do Nilo Oreochromis niloticus em tanques-rede circulares em diferentes densidades de estocagem. Biosci J. 2010; 26(3):428-434. http://www.seer.ufu.br/index.php/biosciencejournal/article/view/7080
9. Abdel-Tawwab M. Effects of dietary protein levels and rearing density on growth performance and stress response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Int Aquat Res. 2012; 4(3):1-12. https://www.doi.org/10.1186/2008-6970-4-3
10. Yakubu A, Obi A, Okonji V, Ajiboye O, Adams T, Olaji E, et al. Growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as affected by stocking density and feed types in water flow through system. World J Fish Marine Sci. 2012; 4(3):320-324. http://www.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjfms.2012.04.03.6230
11. Shubha M, Reddy S. Effect of stocking density on growth, maturity, fecundity, reproductive behaviour and fry production in the mouth brooding cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(48):9922-9930. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.697
12. Moscoso V. Catálogo de crustáceos decápodos y estomatópodos del Perú. Bol Inst Mar Perú. 2012; 27(1-2):8-207. http://biblioimarpe.imarpe.gob.pe/handle/123456789/2190
13. Wasiw J, Yépez V. Evaluación poblacional del camarón Cryphiops caementarius en ríos de la costa sur del Perú. Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2015; 26(2):166-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v26i2.11103
14. Ministerio de la Producción. Anuario estadístico pesquero y acuícola 2017. La actividad productiva del sector en números, Perú. 2018. http://ogeiee.produce.gob.pe/images/Anuario/Pesca_2017.pdf
15. Reyes W. Effect of culture container on the survival and growth of male Cryphiops caementarius in individualized systems. Revista Bio Ciencias. 2016; 3(4):311-325. https://www.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.03.04.06
16. Manor R, Segev R, Pimenta M, Aflalo ED, Sagi A. Intensification of redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus culture II. Growout in a separate cell system. Aquacult Eng. 2002; 26(4):263-276. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8609(02)00035-3
17. Drengstig A, Bergheim A. Commercial land-based farming of European lobster (Homarus gammarus L.) in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) using a single cage approach. Aquacult Eng. 2013; 53:14–18. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2012.11.007
18. Méndez M. Claves de identificación y distribución de los langostinos y camarones (Crustacea: Decapoda) del mar y ríos de la costa del Perú. Bol Inst Mar Perú. 1981; 5:1-169. http://biblioimarpe.imarpe.gob.pe/handle/123456789/1028
19. Reyes W, Terrones S, Baltodano I. Effects chelipeds regeneration in molting and growth of male Cryphiops caementarius Molina 1782 (Decapod, Palaemonidae). Revista Bio Ciencias. 2017; 4(4): 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.04.04.05
20. Cornejo J, Pérez L, Reyes W. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in the diet of male shrimp Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea, Palaemonidae) on total and differential hemocytes count. Revista Bio Ciencias. 2015; 3(3):173-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.15741/revbio.03.03.04
21. Pandit NP, Nakamura M. Effect of high temperature on survival, growth and feed conversion ratio of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Our Nature. 2012; 8(1):3219-224. https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v8i1.4331
22. López-Gómez C, Ponce-Palafox T, Castillo-Vargasmachuca S, Puga-López D, Castillo-Campo LF, García-Ulloa M. Evaluation of two mix-cultures of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with red tilapia hybrid and spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) in intensive indoor brackish water tanks. Lat Am J Aquat Res. 2017; 45(5):922-929. http://www.doi.org/10.3856/vol45-issue5-fulltext-7
23. Juárez-Rosales J, Ponce-Palafox T, Román-Gutiérrez AD, Otazo-Sánchez OM, Pulido-Flores G, Castillo-Vargasmachuca SG. Effects of White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus var, Spring) in monoculture and co-culture systems on water quality variables and production in brackish low-salinity water earthen ponds during rainy and dry seasons. Span J Agric Res. 2019; 17(3): e0605. https://www.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019173-14938
24. Wasiw J, Yépez V. Evolución de la condición poblacional del camarón Cryphiops caementarius en el río Cañete (2000-2015). Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2017; 28(1):13-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v28i1.12942
25. Acosta A, Quiñones D, Reyes W. Efecto de dietas con lecitina de soya en el crecimiento, muda y supervivencia de machos del camarón de río Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea: Palaemonidae). Sci Agropecu. 2018; 9(1):143-151. http://www.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.01.15
26. Terrones S, Reyes W. Efecto de dietas con ensilado biológico de residuos de molusco en el crecimiento del camarón Cryphiops caementarius y tilapia Oreochromis niloticus en cocultivo intensivo. Sci Agropecu. 2018; 9(2):167-176. http://www.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.02.01
27. Ramírez M, Cántaro R, Reyes W. Growth and survival of males of Cryphiops caementarius (Palaemonidae) with diets supplemented with common salt. Lat Am J Aquat Res. 2018; 46(2):469-474. http://www.doi.org/10.3856/vol46-issue2-fulltext-22
28. Reyes W. El síndrome de la ecdisis incompleta en machos adultos de Cryphiops caementarius (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) y sus consecuencias en cultivo intensivo. Rev Inv Vet Perú. 2018; 29(1):68-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v29i1.14200
29. Yasuda CI, Matsuo K, Wada S. Rapid regeneration of the major cheliped in relation to its function in male-male contests in the hermit crab Pagurus middendorffii. Plankton Benthos Res. 2014; 9(2):122-131. https://www.doi.org/10.3800/pbr.9.122
30. Islam ML, Siddiky MNSM, Yahya K. Growth, survival and intactness of green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) broodstock under different captive grow out protocols. SAARC J Agri. 2018; 16(1):169-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i1.37432
31. Daniels CL, Wills B, Ruiz-Perez M, Miles E, Wilson RW, Boothroyd D. Development of sea-based container culture for rearing European lobster (Homarus gammarus) around South West England. Aquac. 2015; 448:186-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.026
32. Teodósico R, Engrola S, Colen R, Masagounder K, Aragão C. Optimizing diets to decrease environmental impact of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production. Aquacult Nutr. 2019; 26(2): 422-431. http://www.doi.org/10.1111/anu.13004
33. Liu Y, Wen JJ, Ning LJ, Jiao JG, Qiao F, Chen LQ, et al. Comparison of effects of dietary-specific fatty acids on growth and lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia. Aquacult Nutr. 2019; 25(4):862-872. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12906
34. Bessa AP, Borges CMS, Silva F, Henry-Silva GG. Polyculture of Nile tilapia and shrimp at different stocking densities. R Bras Zootec. 2012; 41(7):1561-1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012000700002
35. Costa ÂAP, Roubach R, Dallago BSL, Bueno GW, McManus C, Bernal FEM. Influence of stocking density on growth performance and welfare of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in cages. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 2017; 69(1):243-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8939
36. Tidwell JH, Coyle SD, Bright LA. Polyculture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, either confined in cages or unconfined in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, ponds. J World Aquac Soc. 2010; 41(4):616-625. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00402.x
37. Osofero S, Otubusin S, Daramola J. Effect of stocking density on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus 1757) growth and survival in bamboo-net cages trial. Afr J Biotechnol. 2009; 8(7):1322-1325. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/60113/48369
38. Hernández-Vergara MP, Cruz-Ordóñez SB, Pérez-Rostro CI, Pérez-Legaspi A. Polyculture of crayfish (Procambarus acanthophorus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a strategy for sustainable water use. Hidrobiológica. 2018; 28(1):11-15. https://www.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2018v28n1/HernandezV
39. Mondal A, Bhattacharya S, Mitra A, Sundaray JK, Mohanty RK. Performance evaluation of mud crab Scylla olivacea (Herbst, 1896) coculture with different fish species in confined brackishwater ponds. Aquac. 2020; 522:735125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735125
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