Características fisicoquímicas asociadas a calidad de carne en ovinos de pelo del sureste de México
Meat quality physicochemical traits in hair sheep in southeast Mexico
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Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del grupo genético sobre algunas características físico químicas asociadas a la calidad de carne en lomos (Longissimus thoracis) de ovinos de pelo del sureste mexicano. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron corderos machos del genotipo Dorper (Dp,n=6), Katahdin (Kt,n=6) y la cruza F1 semental Dorper x madres Katahdin (DpxKt,n=6), sacrificados con un peso promedio de 29.5±4.2 kg, a una edad de 6.2±0.2 meses. Las muestras L. thoracis fueron analizadas para determinar su composición proximal y sus características físicas. Resultados. El grupo genético no tuvo efecto (p>0.05) sobre % de humedad, % proteína cruda (%PC) y el contenido de mioglobina, por el contrario, afectó (p<0.05) al % de grasa intramuscular (%GCI), % de cenizas (%Cen) y el contenido de colesterol, siendo Kt, la que presentó un mayor contenido con 4.05% de GCI y 92.63 mg/100 g de Colesterol y DpxKt con la menor cantidad de cenizas (1.01%). Los valores de pH no mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos genéticos y se encontraron dentro del rango normal. Las mayores pérdidas por cocción y pérdidas por goteo fueron para DpxKt, pero al igual que Kt tuvieron valores mayores de luminosidad (L*), rojo-verde (a*) y Cromaticidad, lo que confiere a la carne un color rojo brillante más deseable. Conclusiones. Algunas de las características fisicoquímicas estuvieron influenciadas por el grupo genético y los resultados deben ser considerados por la industria cárnica para incursionar en mercados que demanden cortes (para carne asada o platillos gourmet) con ciertas características fisicoquímicas asociadas a calidad.
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