Effects of essence oil additives added to different feeds on methane production

Efectos sobre la producción de metano de los aceites esencias añadiendo diferentes aditivos

Objective. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of different plant essence oil supplementation to TMR, concentrate and hay on methanogenesis and at 2, 8 and 24 hours (h) using in vitro gas production technique in cattle. Material and methods. Three fistulated Holstein dairy cows were used for rumen fluid collection for application of in vitro gas production technique. Four essence oils (T. vulgaris, O. vulgare, S. aromaticum, Z. officinale) were used as plant extracts. Results. Essence oil supplementation, particularly at increased doses, significantly decreased methane production for TMR, concentrate and hay at 8 and 24 h compared to negative and positive control groups (p<0.05). Among all plant extracts, Syzygium 200 ppm supplementation resulted the lowest methane production values(p<0.05). While methane production at 24 h in positive control groups were recorded respectively as 10.45, 10.75 and 10.07 for TMR, concentrate and hay, the values in Syzygium 200 ppm group were recorded respectively as 1.65, 3.28 and 1.98 for these feed groups. Conclusions. The findings of the study indicate that increased doses of essence oil supplementation significantly decrease methane production in ruminants. Hence, it is suggested that essence oil will be highly beneficial in ruminant nutrition.

1. Calsamiglia S, Busquet M, Cardoza PW, Castillejos L, & Ferret A. Invited Review: Essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90(6):2580-2595. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-644
3. Goel N, Sirohi SK, Dwivedi J. Studies on the effects of methanolic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on in vitro methane inhibition and rumen fermentation patterns. J Chem Pharm Res 2011; (3):609-615.
5. Hart KJ, Yanez-Ruiz DR, Duval, SM, McEwan NR, Newbold CJ. Plant extracts to manipulate rumen fermmentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol2008; 147(1-3):8-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.007
7. Takahashi J. Some prophylactic options to mitigate emission from animal agriculture in Japan. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 2011; 24(2):285-294. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.r.03
9. López S, Makkar HPS, Soliva CR. Screening plants and plant products for methane inhibititors. In: Vercoe PE, Makkar HPS, Schlink AC. (ed.). In vitro screening of plant resources for extra nutritional attributes in ruminats: Nuclear and related methodologies. New York: Springer Publications; 2010. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3297-3_10
11. Takashi J. Lactic acid bacteria and mitigation of GHG emission from ruminant livestock. In: Marcelino K. (ed.). Lactic acid bactaria R&D fro food, health and livestock purposes. In Tech Publications; 2013. https://doi.org/10.5772/50358
13. Shabestari AH, Salamatdoustnobar R, MaheriI-Sis N, Gorbani A, Ahari KM, Noshadi A, Samadi H, Nezhad JS. Evaluation effects of Clove methanol extract on Methane production in the In vitro condition. Pakistan J Nutr2011; 10(12):1154-1157. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2011.1154.1157
15. Bhatta R, Baruah L, Saravanan M, Suresh KP, Sampath KT. Effect of medicinal and aromatic plants on rumen fermentation, protozoa population and methanogenesis in vitro. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr2013; 97(3):446-456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01285.x
17. Faostat, FAO statisticaldatabase. [en linea] 2014. [acceso febrero de 2017]. URL Disponible en: http://faostat.fao.org/site/573/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=573#ancor
19. Ahari KM, Salamatdoustobar R, Maheri-Sis N, Gobrani A, Shabestari AH, Noshadi A, Samadi H, Nezhad JS. Effects of the Thyme Extract on the ruminal methane production. Pakistan J Nutr 2011; 10(12):1146-1148. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2011.1146.1148
21. Shardt YAW. Statistics for chemical and process engineers a modern approach. Switzerland: Springer Publications; 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21509-9
23. priambodo TW. Effects of medium-chain fatty acids and ration type on in vitroruminal methane production. [Phd Thesis]. Bonn, Germany: Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Institut für Tierwissenschaften; 2015.
25. Alataş MS, Umucalılar HD. Bacteria of The Rumen Ecosystem and Their Roles. J Fac Vet Med Ataturk Univ 2011; 6(1):71-83.
27. Goel N, Sirohi SK, Dwivedi J. Studies on the effects of methanolic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on In vitro Methane inhibition and rumen fermentation patterns. J Chem and Pharma Res.2011; 3(6):609-615.
29. Sirohi SK, Pandey N, Goel N, Singh B, Mohini M, Pandey P,Chaudhry PP. Microbial activity and ruminal methanogenesis as affected by plant secondary metabolites in different plant extracts. Int J Environ Sci Eng 2009; 1(1):52-58.
31. Demirtaş A, Öztürk H, Pişkin İ, Demirkıran D, Salgırlı Y. Fidancı UR, Emre B. Effects of Rosemary and Sage Extracts on Ruminal Fermentation Using the Rumen Simulation Technique (Rusitec). J Fac Vet Med Istanbul Univ 2011; 37(2):127-134.
33. Pen B, Sar C, Mwenya B, Kuwaki M, Morikawa R, Takahashi J. Effects of Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponaria extracts on In vitro ruminal fermentation and methane emission. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2006; 129:175-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.01.002
35. Bodas R, López S, Fernández M, García-González R, Wallace RJ, González JS. Phytogenic additives to decrease In Vitro ruminal methanogenesis. Ciheam Options Méditerranéennes. 2009; 85(A):279-283.
37. Bunglavan SJ, Valli C, Ramachandran M, Balakrishnan V. Effect of supplementation of herbal extracts on methanogenesis in ruminants. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 2010; 22(11): 216[en línea] 2010. [acceso april de 2012]. URL Disponible en: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd22/11/bung22216.htm
39. Canbolat O, Kalkan H, Karaman S. Filya I. The Effect of Essential Oils on the Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Protein Production. J Fac Vet Med Kafkas Univ. 2011; 17(4):557-565.
41. Sallam SM, Abdelgaleil SA, Bueno IC, Nasser ME, Araujo RC, Abdalla AL. Effect of some essential oils on In vitro Methane emission. Arch Anim Nutr. 2011; 65 (3): 203-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2011.568275
43. Patra AK, Yu Z. Effects of essential oils on methane production and fermentation by, and abundance and diversity of, rumen microbial populations. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2012; 78(12):4271-4280. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00309-12
45. Santra A, Saikia A, Baruah KK. Scope of rumen manipulation using medicinal plants to mitigate methane production. J Phcog 2012; 3(2):115-120.
47. Sirohi SK, Chaudhary PP, Goel N. Effect of inclusion of Myristica fragrans on Methane production, rumen fermentation parameters and methanogens population. Vet World 2012; 5(6):335-340. https://doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2012.335-340
49. Tekippe JA, Hristiov AN, Heyler KS, Zheljazkov VD, Ferreira JFS, Cantrell CL, Varga GA. Effects of plants ans essential oils on ruminal in vitro batch culture methane production and fermentation. Can J Anim Sci 2012; 92 (3): 395-408. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-059
51. Chaudhary UB, Gupta A. Effect of different plant extracts on methane and total gas production in goats under in vitro condition. 2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Nutritional Science & Therapy, Philadelphia USA. [en línea] 2013. [acceso diciembre de 2013]. URL Disponible en: http://www.omicsgroup.com/conferences/ACS/conference/download-pdf.php?file=390-Speaker-Pdf.pdf
53. Oskoueian E, Abdullah N, Oskoueian A. Effects of flavonoids on rumen fermantation activity, methane production and microbial population. BioMed Res Int 2013; 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/349129
55. Kim ET, Hwang HS, Lee SM, Lee SJ, Lee IID, Lee SK, Oh DS, Lim JH, Yoon HB, Jeong HY, Im SK, Lee SS. Effects of medicinal herb extracts on in vitro ruminal methanogenesis, microbe diversity and fermentation system. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29(9): 1280-1286. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0053
57. Storlien TM, Harstad OM, Narvaez N, Wang Y, McAllister TA. Effect of different oils and plant extracts on in vitro ruminal methane production. Acta Agric Scand Sect A Anim Sci 2012; 62(4):300-304.
59. Al-Hadeethi A, Günal M, Reyes D, AbuGhazaleh A. The effects of plants extracts on fermantation and methane production under in vitro conditions. Global Journal of Bio-Science and Biotechnology 2016; 5(2): 253-260.