Adaptation of vectors to carry microorganisms or adaptation of microorganisms to the vectors?

¿Adaptacion de los vectores a los microorganimos o adaptacion de los microorganimos a los vectores?

Forecasting the emergence of zoonotic infectious diseases and their geographical extent is a challenging task; this is despite recent technical advancements in the development of statistical and mathematical epidemiological tools for understanding disease distribution and dynamics. During the recent Ebola outbreak countries worldwide were concerned with transboundary transmission of infection fueled by enhanced human population mobility originating from infected countries in West Africa. Similarly, transboundary movement of live animals and their products can give rise to the introduction and spread of diseases of pandemic potential.

In the context of vector borne diseases, the mechanical translocation and subsequent adaptation of vectors between endemic and non-endemic areas is a common phenomenon that can lead to the introduction of infection; for example, it is well documented that the mosquito Aedes aegypti, vector of Yellow fever, Dengue, Chicungunya and Zika viruses was shipped by steamers along the Magdalena River from Cartagena in the 1880s (1). A century after the Yellow Fever epidemic in New Orleans and Alabama, the first outbreak of urban yellow fever arose in the state of Santander between 1906 and 1930; by the 1950’s the mosquito had reached the south of the country.

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