Characterization of neurological diseases in canines: University of San Carlos of Guatemala, year 2017

Caracterización de enfermedades neurológicas en caninos: Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, año 2017

Objective. Determine the case frequency of neurological diseases, as well as age, race, and the affected neuroanatomical site. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of the clinical records of the canine patients treated at the veterinary hospital of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Faculty of the University of San Carlos of Guatemala on year 2017. The data were classified according to the VITAMIN D mnemonic rule. The variables sex, race, age and neuroanatomic location of lesions were included. The data were summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistics through frequency distribution tables. Results. Of the 1127 case records, the prevalence of neurological diseases was 8.43%. The frequency was higher in males that in females (53.68% vs 46.32%). The age group most affected is between zero and seven years old. Regarding breeds, a higher frequency was observed in dogs without a defined breed (25.53%) followed by French Poodle dogs (20.21%). The pathologies frequencies found were: vascular (1.05%), inflammatory / infectious (25.26%), traumatic (13.68%), metabolic (8.42%), idiopathic (6.32%), neoplastic (1.05%) and degenerative (44.21%). The most frequent neurolocation was at the level of the SNC (86.32%). Conclusions. According to the findings of this study, it was determined that degenerative diseases represented most of the neurological case frequency. The highest frequency of cases occurred in young canine patients, males of mixed breeds. The most frequent neuroanatomic site of lesions was in the spinal cord at the thoracolumbar level.

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