Milk production of Holstein x Gir cows in a dual purpose system in the tropics

Producción de leche de vacas Holstein x Gyr en un sistema de doble propósito en el trópico

Objective. To determine the effect of breed group (BG), parity number PN) and season of calving on lactation length (LL), milk production per lactation (MPL) and per day (MPD) of dual-purpose (DP) cows. Material and methods. Data from 160 Holstein x Gir cows (0 to 75% Holstein) managed in a dual purpose production system in the humid tropics of Chiapas, Mexico were analyzed. Information for LL was analyzed using survival analysis, and that for MPL and MPD by general linear models. The model used included the effects of BG (0-25%, 50% and 62.5-75% Holstein), PN and season of calving. Results. The means for LL, MPL, MPD were 219.3 ± 39.6 days; 2125.1 ± 568.7 kg; 9.66 ± 1.96 kg, respectively. BG and PN affected all variables. The hazard ratio (HR) of 1.815 indicates that 0-25% Holstein cows had higher risk of being dry-off earlier than F1 cows, which had similar LL than 62.5 to 75% Holstein group. The HR was higher for cows calving in the windy season (HR=1) than those calving in the dry and rainy seasons (HR=0.448 and 0.446, respectively). The risk that a primiparous cow was dry-off was higher (HR=2.198). The LL of cows with 2 and ≥3 parities was similar. Conclusions. BG, PN and season of calving affected LL and milk yield of dual-purpose cows.

1. Magaña-Monforte JG, Ríos-Arjona G y Martínez-González JC. Los sistemas de doble propósito y los desafíos en los climas tropicales en México. Arch Latinoam Prod Anim. 2006; 14(3):105-114. http://www.bioline.org.br/pdf?la06019
2. Román-Ponce SI, Ruiz-López FJ, Montaldo HH, Rizzi R, Román-Ponce H. Efectos de cruzamiento para producción de leche y características de crecimiento en bovinos de doble propósito en el trópico húmedo. Rev Mex Cienc Pecu. 2013; 4(4):405-416. https://cienciaspecuarias.inifap.gob.mx/index.php/Pecuarias/article/view/3197
3. Aguilar-Pérez C, Ku-Vera J, Centurión-Castro F. Garnsworthy C P. Energy balance, milk production and reproduction in grazing crossbred cows in the tropics with and without cereal supplementation. Livest Sci. 2009; 122(2-3):227-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2008.09.004
4. Rojo-Rubio R, Vázquez-Armijo JF, Pérez-Hernández P, Mendoza-Martínez GD, Salem AZM, Albarran-Portillo B, et al. Dual purpose cattle production in Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2009; 41(5):715-721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-008-9249-8
5. Tinoco-Magaña JC, Aguilar CF, Delgado R, Magaña JG, Ku JC, Herrera CJ. Effects of energy supplementation on productivity of dual-purpose cows grazing in a silvopastoral system in the tropics. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012; 44(5):1073-1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-0042-8
6. Hernández-Reyes E, Segura-Correa VM, Segura-Correa JC, Osorio-Arce MM. Intervalo entre partos, duración de la lactancia y producción de leche en un hato de doble propósito en Yucatán, México. Agrociencia. 2000; 34(6):699-705. http://www.colpos.mx/agrocien/Bimestral/2000/nov-dic/art-4.pdf
7. Parra-Bracamonte GM, Magaña JG, Delgado R, Osorio M, Segura JC. Genetic and non-genetic effects on productive and reproductive traits of cows in dual purpose herds in Southeastern Mexico. Genet Mol Res. 2005; 4(3):482-490. http://www.geneticsmr.com//year2005/vol4-3/pdf/gmr0111.pdf
8. Vite-Cristobal C, López-Ordaz R, García-Muñiz JG, Ramírez-Valverde R, Ruíz-Flores A, López-Ordaz R. Milk yield and reproductive performance of supplemented dual-purpose cows grazing tropical forage. Vet Mex. 2007; 38(1):63-79. http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/vetmex/vm-2007/vm071g.pdf
9. López-Ordaz R, Vite CC, García JG, Martínez PA. Reproducción y producción de leche de vacas con distinta proporción de genes Bos taurus. Arch Zootec. 2009; 58(224):683-694. https://www.uco.es/ucopress/az/index.php/az/article/view/5058
10. López Ordaz R, García Rejón R, García Muñiz JG, Ramírez Valverde R. Effect of Bos taurus genes percentage on milk yield in crossbred cows in the humid tropics of Mexico. Tec Pecu Mex. 2009; 47(4):435-448. http://cienciaspecuarias.inifap.gob.mx/editorial/index.php/Pecuarias/article/view/1663/1657
11. INEGI. Banco de Indicadores. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía: México; 2020. URL available in: https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/indicadores/?ag=07048.
12. SAS. Statistics Software. SAS/Stat. Version 9.4 ed. Cary (NC) USA: SAS Institute Inc. 2012.
13. Magaña-Monforte JG, Luis-López E, Segura-Correa JC, Aké-López JR, Montes-Pérez RC, Aguilar-Pérez CF. Comportamiento productivo de vacas cruzadas en un sistema de doble propósito en Yucatán, México. Livest Res Rural Develop. 2016; 28:Article156. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd28/9/maga28156.html
14. Magaña J, Tewolde A, Anderson S, Segura J. Productivity of different cow genetic groups in dual purpose cattle production systems in south-eastern Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2006; 38(7-8):583-591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-006-4247-1
15. Arce-Recinos C, Aranda-Ibáñez EM Osorio-Arce MM, González- Garduño R, Díaz-Rivera P, Hinojosa-Cuellar JA. Evaluación de parámetros productivos y reproductivos en un hato de doble propósito en Tabasco, México. Rev Mex Cienc Pecu. 2017; 8(1):83-91. https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v8i1.4347
16. Mcmanus C, Teixeira AR, Talarico DL, Louvandini H, Bianchini OEM. Características productivas e reproductivas de vacas Holandesas e mesticas Holandes x Gir no Planalto Central. Rev Brasil Zoot. 2008; 37(5):819-823. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982008000500006
17. Carvajal-Hernández M, Valencia-Heredia ER, Segura-Correa JC. Duración de la lactancia y producción de leche de vacas Holstein en el Estado de Yucatán, México. Rev Biomed. 2002; 13(1):25-31. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/revbio/bio-2002/bio021d.pdf
18. Facó O, Lôbo RNB, Martins FR, Melo LFA. Idade ao primeiro parto e intervalo de partos de cinco grupos genéticos Holandês x Gir no Brasil. Rev Brasil Zoot. 2005; 34(6):1920-1926. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982002000800010
19. Madalena FE, Peixoto MGCD, Gibson J. Dairy cattle genetics and its applications in Brazil. Livest Res Rural Develop. 2012; 24(6):Article97. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/6/made24097.htm
20. Galukande E, Mulindwa H, Wurzinger M, Roschinsky R, Mwai AO, Sölkner J. Cross-breeding cattle for milk production in the tropics: achievements, challenges and opportunities. Anim Genet Resour. 2013; 52:111–125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2078633612000471
21. Amasaib EO, Fadel-Elseed AM, Mahala AG, Fadlelmoula AA. Seasonal and parity effects on some performance and reproductive characteristics of crossbred dairy cows raised under tropical conditions of the Sudan. Livest Res Rural Develop. 2011; 23(4):Article78. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd23/4/amas23078.htm