Bacterial diseases and their etiological agents identified in fish from Mexico - A Review

Enfermedades bacterianas y sus agentes etiológicos identificados en peces de México - Una Revisión Bacterial fish diseases in México

This work concentrates the existing bibliographic information about bacteria isolated and / or identified from fish from Mexico. The analysis shows that the study of fish health in the country is relatively recent, and describes the isolation of several bacterial genera obtained from both clinically diseased and subclinical fish, with a high frequency of opportunistic bacteria; likewise, it is shown that in the last decade the presence of emerging bacteria causing septicemic disease in cultured fish has been confirmed. In freshwater environments Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Yersinia spp., Weissella ceti and Lactococcus garviae have caused septicemic disease in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), while Francisella orientalis, Streptococcus iniae and Mycobacterium spp. have affected tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). In a saline environment, only Nocardia seralae is reported as a cause of systemic disease in red croaker (Sciaenops ocellatus). Despite the availability of this information, the sanitary situation of fish farming in the country is not recognized; however, the occurrence of emerging bacterial diseases reported here shows the need to know their distribution in the country.

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