Expresión génica del factor de crecimiento BMP15, GDF9, FGF2 y sus receptores en células foliculares bovinas

Gene expression of growth factor BMP15, GDF9, FGF2 and their receptors in bovine follicular cells

Introducción. El crecimiento y la maduración folicular implican una serie de transformaciones de diversos componentes del folículo, como el ovocito, las células de la granulosa y de la teca. Varios factores de crecimiento, incluyendo factor de crecimiento de diferenciación 9 (GDF9), proteína morfogénica ósea 15 (BMP15) y factor de crecimiento de fibroblastos básico (FGF2) son importantes para el desarrollo folicular y maduración de ovocitos, por su capacidad de aumentar la proliferación de las células de la granulosa, teca y el estroma ovárico. Objetivo. Evaluar la expresión de los factores de crecimiento GDF9, BMP15, FGF2 y sus principales receptores: el receptor 1 del factor de crecimiento transformante beta (TGFβ-R1), el receptor de la proteína morfogénica del hueso tipo IB (BMPR-IB) y el receptor del factor de crecimiento fibroblástico 2 (FGFR2) en células foliculares bovinas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó la extracción de ARN total de pooles de ovocitos (OOs) y células del cumulus (CCs) de complejos cumulus-ovocito (COCs) y del pellet de células foliculares (PCs) provenientes de 70 ovarios obtenidos de 96 vaquillonas para carne, colectados en un frigorífico local. Los patrones de expresión de los factores de crecimiento y sus receptores en las células foliculares bovinas fueron evaluados por retro-transcripción seguida de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RT-PCR). Resultados. La presencia de los transcriptos de ARNm de los genes GDF9, BMP15, FGF2, TGFβ-R1, BMPR-IB y FGFR2 fue detectada por RT-PCR en todas las células estudiadas. Es la primera vez que se reporta en ovocitos bovinos la expresión de los receptores TGFβ-R1 y BMPR-IB. Conclusiones. La presencia de transcriptos de factores de crecimiento y sus receptores en las células estudiadas, indica que estos factores podrían actuar como reguladores paracrinos y autocrinos de la foliculogénesis.

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