Perspectiva veterinaria del sistema renal en la sepsis

Veterinary perspective of the renal system in sepsis

Esta revisión tiene como objetivo discutir y definir los factores asociados con el desarrollo de lesión renal en pacientes con sepsis, alternativas de diagnóstico, terapia y prevención, ofreciendo a los veterinarios una guía actualizada para mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes con sepsis. La sepsis es una condición clínica que conduce a complicaciones sistémicas y al síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica (MODS), principalmente debido a una pobre perfusión tisular en humanos y animales. La lesión renal aguda (LRA) se considera la más frecuente y letal entre las complicaciones orgánicas secundarias a la sepsis, sin embargo, la etiología de la LRA en pacientes con sepsis es compleja, multifactorial y no está completamente elucidada. El diagnóstico temprano de LRA es difícil y, en consecuencia, el tratamiento no es muy exitoso debido a los aspectos hemodinámicos. La ecografía parece ser un examen prometedor para el diagnóstico precoz de esta lesión, especialmente con el advenimiento de la técnica de ecografía contrastada (CEUS), que permite detectar cambios en la microcirculación de el parénquima renal, abriendo la puerta a una variedad de componentes fisiopatológicos, aplicaciones clínicas y terapéuticas, sin embargo, los estudios que demuestran la precisión de CEUS para la detección temprana de daño renal relacionado con sepsis en humanos y animales aún son limitados.

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